Over the past 15 years, websites have grown from single page sites to robust marketing applications. With that evolution, the processes needed and the people involved to create a successful website have grown tremendously. In this two part series, I'll review the people and the processes typically encountered when working with an interactive agency to develop a website.
While the individual titles and roles in any organization will vary, the skills required to develop a website are universal. Because projects vary in size, multiple roles may be held by a single person, but for a robust website development, all the roles are represented.
Analyst - The analyst approaches a development project from the highest level. With years of experience in the online world, the analyst looks at the overall situation and helps to develop a comprehensive strategy for the website and any related applications or marketing efforts. Other common terms for an analyst are consultant or architect.
Account Executive (AE) - The account executive is the primary contact point between the agency and the client. The AE brings the project team and the client together, identifying business needs and project goals, leading to a solution that can be developed into a new online application or website. Account executives are frequently supported by account coordinators (AC). Another common term for an account executive is account manager (AM).
Project Manager (PM) - The project manager is responsible for the day-to-day details of the project development. A PM builds the detailed project plans, and then oversees the execution of the plan, coordinating the activities of the project team, monitoring the project timeline and tracking expenses against the project budget.
User Interface Designer - The user interface designer develops the skeletal structure of a website to best facilitate user interaction and encourage desirable user behavior. The user interface designer works in close collaboration with the client, graphic designers and application developers to deliver a solution that meets client objectives while satisfying user expectations. Another common term for a user interface designer is user experience designer.
Graphic Designer - A graphic designer creates the look and feel of a website, taking into consideration the branding and marketing needs, along with accessibility considerations. Another common term for a graphic designer is interactive designer.
CSS Specialist - A CSS specialist takes the completed designs produced by the graphic designer and optimizes them for use on the web through XHTML and CSS. These pages serve as the templates for all public facing pages on a website. Other common terms for a CSS specialist are front-end developer, html producer, production developer and content developer.
Systems Engineer - A systems engineer develops the technical documentation for a project and oversees the detailed execution of the technical plans. Other common terms for an application developer are technical project manager and systems analyst.
Database Administrator (DBA) - The database administrator designs the architecture of the website’s database and builds the procedures that are used to create, update and retrieve data from the database.
Application Developer - An application developer programs the code that connects the database to the front-end templates. Developers handle custom development of new solutions and integration between off-the-shelf solutions and the designed page templates. Other common terms for an application developer are programmer and software engineer.
Quality Assurance Specialist - A quality assurance (QA) specialist is responsible for reviewing the project’s documentation and testing of all website components for errors and inconsistencies. These tests range from usability to code validation.
Many other roles such as copywriting, multimedia development or media buying may also be involved in some projects. The list above focuses on the core requirements of any project.
In part 2, I'll review the typical process from planning through execution.